Didactic games for children: development of speech, sensory, physical development. Do-it-yourself card index with goals

From 2 to 2.5 years

Learn by heart

Kids memorize poetry very quickly, especially if the words are accompanied by actions. Read the poem and show:

The game develops memory and speech.

And again the ball

Place your baby's tummy on an inflatable ball and rock it, holding it by the legs.
We lay on our tummy - let's try it on our back. Also good!
Now let's sit on the ball. Here's how to jump on it!
To make it even more fun, sing:

Cheerful friend, my ball,
Everywhere, everywhere he is with me!
One two three four five.
It's good for me to play with him!

Where are our little balls?You need to collect them in a box. Who is faster?

Ball games develop coordination, fine and
gross motor skills, sense of balance, trains
muscles of the whole body.

Look at you!

Tell your child, “If you have shoes on, jump up.”
Help him: show him what needs to be done.
You can come up with as many questions as you like.
For example:
“If you have a shirt on, lean forward”;
“If you’re wearing socks, sit down.”

The game develops observation skills and expands vocabulary
stock

Fly, birdie!

Stand facing the baby and take his hands. Holding hands, walk in a circle and chant:

“Fly” by spreading your winged arms and touching different objects.

The game expands vocabulary and develops coordination.

Jumping on a horse

Place your baby on your lap facing you. Hold him tightly by the waist and rock him up and down while singing:

Jump-jump, jump-jump, stop, horse, whoa-oo-oo-oo.

(hold your baby tightly)

Jump-jump, jump-jump, higher, higher, higher, wow!

(raise the baby in your arms)

Jump-jump, jump-jump, bang into the hole!

(support the baby under the armpits and lower him)

The game lifts the mood and helps to establish close contact between the baby and adults.

Let's dance again

Take the little one by the hand, walk in a circle with him and sing:

We walk, we dance in a circle
Before all honest people.
One, two, three - sit down!

Sit on the floor. Then get up and walk in a circle again, chanting:

We walk, we dance in a circle
Before all honest people.
One, two, three - turn!

Spin around in one place and hold hands again:

We walk, we dance in a circle
Before all honest people.
One, two, three - jump!

You can come up with any actions - clap your hands, squat, bend over.

The game develops coordination and spatial
perception.

Exercises with a ball

Place the baby on the ball with his back, straighten his legs. Gently rock the baby from side to side and
back and forth - 10 times in each direction. Now rock him in a frog position - also on his back,
but with his knees pulled up to his chest. Sentence:

Here's a frog along the path
Jumps with his legs stretched out -
Kwa-ah! Kwa-ah!

Now put the baby on his side: first on the left, then on the right. Rock it in different directions and back and forth.
Swinging on a ball is very useful for general relaxation and spine training. The baby stops being afraid and gets used to trusting adults.

Three Bears

Together with your baby, arrange three sets of dishes on the table so that the large spoon lies near the large plate, the medium one near the medium one, and the small spoon near the small one. Arrange the chairs in the same way.
Dramatize the fairy tale “The Three Bears.” Dad will play the role of the bear Mikhail Potapovich, mother - the bear Nastasya Petrovna, and the baby - a little bear cub.

The game develops imagination, makes it possible to compare the concepts of “big and small” and lifts the mood.

The Steadfast Tin Soldier

How does the steadfast tin soldier stand on one leg? Show it to the baby! Let the baby try to stand on one leg, while you read him the poem:

Stand on one leg.
It's like you're a steadfast soldier.
Well, feel free to pick it up.
Look, don't fall.
Now stand on the left.
If you are a brave soldier.
Now stay on the right.
If you are a good soldier.

The game develops coordination and helps to learn to distinguish between the concepts of “right” and “left”.

Let's dance!

Sing a song based on Anufrieva’s poems, and the baby repeats the movements after you:

We kick, stomp, stomp,

(walk around the room, raising your legs high)

And clap, clap, clap your hands!

(clap your hands)

Hey kids, hey guys!

We walk along the path

(walk around the room)

And we hit our palms.

(clap your hands)

Top-top, legs, top!

(stomp while standing still)

Clap, clap, hands, clap!

(clap)

Hey kids!

(spin around with your hands on your waist)

Hey guys!

Dancing develops a sense of rhythm and creativity.

Who is walking?

Play different animals with your baby. How do they walk?
Walk like a camel, that is, slowly
and it is important to throw your legs forward. And let the baby repeat.
Draw a horse. Great, now let him show you.
Show the fox - walk on your toes.
Then stomp the clumsy bear with a waddle.
Jump like a bunny - sometimes straight, sometimes to the side.

The game develops creative and physical abilities.

Who doesn't like to dress up?

If your baby doesn't like to get dressed, you need to make this activity fun and exciting.
The rules of the game are quite simple: when dressing the baby, tell him that his arms, legs, tummy, and back are playing hide and seek with him.
While putting on your socks, say: “Little fingers want to play hide and seek with the baby. Now we will put on the sock and take a look. That’s right, there are no fingers - they hid!”
When you need to undress your baby, change the rules: find hidden arms, legs, and fingers.

The game develops imagination and lifts the mood.

From 2.5 to 3 years

I can do things

Sing or recite the following rhyme:

I can do things.
Do something, do something
That's what I can do!

Jump up and the baby follows you.

Continue:

I can do things.
Do something. do something.
That's what I can do!

Clap your hands and the baby will do the same.
Then, while reading this poem, you can squat, run, whatever you want. And the baby is with you!

The game develops coordination, the ability to consistently
perform movements.

Phone conversation

To teach your baby to speak, call him on a real phone.
Ask questions that your child can answer with at least “yes” and “no.”
Ask grandma to call every day and talk to the baby. This will be a real ritual:

“Baby, run to the phone, grandma is calling you!”

The game develops speech activity.

A bull walks, sways...

Take a well-processed board 20-25 cm wide and 1.5-2 m long. Place the board with one end on the sofa and the other on the floor - you have a slide.
Take your baby by the hand and invite him to climb the board. Help him down. Gradually, the baby will learn to do this on his own.

Exercise develops coordination, strengthens
leg muscles.

Tag-catch-up

Tell your baby: “Catch up with me!”, and he will happily rush after you. Now run after the baby, clapping your hands and saying: “I’ll catch up, I’ll catch up!”
Make the task more difficult: let the baby run on his toes. Sing a nursery rhyme:

Where are our legs?
Where are our legs?
Here, here are our legs!
Our feet are dancing.
Where are our children?
Where are our bowls?
Here, here are our children.
Our children are dancing!

The game is very useful for improving posture and preventing flat feet.

Warm-cold

Pour cold water into one plastic bottle, cool water into another, warm water into a third, and hot water into a fourth. Let your baby touch the bottles:
“You see, the water has different temperatures. Well, compare!” Ask to arrange the bottles from coldest to hottest.
Get used to using hot and cold water taps.

The game develops the child's cognitive skills and independence.

Ball, jump!

Throw the ball on the floor or wall and catch it with both hands, saying:

Ball, ball, jump!”

Show how to throw with one or two hands. Read the poem by S. Marshak:

My cheerful, ringing ball.
Where did you run off to?
Yellow, red, blue -
We won't part with you
I clapped my hand at you.
You jumped and stomped loudly.
And then you rolled
And he didn’t turn back.
Rolled into the garden.
I reached the gate.
rolled under the gate,
I reached the turn,
There I got under a wheel,
It burst, popped, that's all.

Where are our pens?

Read a poem to your child and show him what you are talking about.

My hands are missing.
Where are you, my little hands? (hands behind back)

Show yourself to me again! (show your hands)
My ears are gone.
Where are YOU, my little ears? (cover your ears with your palms)
One two three four five -
Show yourself to me again! (show ears)
My eyes are gone.
Where are you, my little eyes? (cover your eyes with your palms)
One two three four five -
Show yourself to me again! (move your palms away from your eyes)

The game develops coordination of movements.

Bunny and squirrel

Carrots and nuts cut out of paper (5-6 pieces each) should be distributed to the bunny and squirrel - toy or drawn, but located in different corners of the room; first you explain (or remind) which of them likes what.
When your baby completes the task, don’t forget to thank him on behalf of the fed animals. In this role, of course, there can be not only bunnies, but also squirrels, hedgehogs, bears, dogs... The main thing is that the baby remembers and follows your instructions, learns the basic classification of objects.

Online games for children 2 years old - a series of flash entertainment of a developmental and educational nature. The developers tried to simplify the gameplay as much as possible so that kids could play them on their own. In essence, the passage consists of alternately changing pictures and performing one or two simple actions. The pictures are divided by topic: there is a selection dedicated to the seasons, weather, animals, and which of them eats what. Some online games offer logical tasks that are specifically designed for children aged about 2 years. For example, from the objects on the screen you need to select all those colored red, or find one edible one among a bunch of inedible ones. To control games you only need a mouse. All objects in them are depicted large, so that small hands can reach the cursor and not miss. Of course, ideally, it is better for parents to be nearby and help their kids in difficult moments. But even if this is impossible, it doesn’t matter - two-year-old gamers will try and cope on their own.

• Easy puzzles for kids

  Simple puzzles for developing thinking and intelligence in kids. Assemble 4 puzzles from 5 parts: a cow, a bee, a lion and a dog.

A large collection of educational games with animals for kids: memorina, search by shape, guessing by sound, sorting objects.

A collection of interesting entertainment for sensory development. Guess figures by shadow, animals by shape, put together simple puzzles.

An extensive collection of children's puzzles on the theme of farm, underwater world, dinosaurs. Guess the animal by its shadow and piece together the puzzle.

Interesting tasks for the development of spatial and associative thinking and intelligence. Guess cars, figures, animals by the shadow.

A collection of html5 coloring pages depicting various animals. Do a simple fill or sketch animals with brushes.

Html5 collection of educational games for children. Try to cope with three tasks: find identical pairs, identify the animal by its shadow and outline.

An exercise to lay out a pattern in the correct sequence, recommended by teachers for sensory development.

Monster Elmo from the Sesame Street program will ask children riddles about animals, and girls and boys will need to determine whose baby it is.

Do you like to play hide and seek? Then the cheerful jungle animals offer to try to find them. Fun is useful for developing children's attentiveness.

Children's memorabilia with toys that will help develop attention and memory in children. Find paired pictures of toys to reveal the entire field.

In this game, kids will learn to distinguish between the seasons of the year, time of day, and weather. Move the pictures to their corresponding inscription.

Educational games for 2-year-old children will help your baby not to “stand still.” They are aimed at improving mental, intellectual, social and physical qualities, which by that time have already been formed to some extent.

How to develop a child at 2 years old

You cannot start this super-responsible activity spontaneously. First, it is important for parents to analyze what skills their little one has already acquired. By that time, children should have mastered the following skills:

• walk;
• bounce;
• maintain balance;
• kick the ball;
• build a tower from cubes;
• wash your hands yourself;
• eat without getting dirty;
• know up to 200 words;
• repeat small ;
• imitate the behavior of adults.

Developmental activities for children 2 years old are aimed at improving the following aspects of the child’s personality:

• physical;
• emotional;
• social;
• intellectual and so on.

Games that develop memory

Such tasks help memorize various types of information that are complex. At the same time, auditory and visual memory is trained. These games use educational pictures for children 2 years old. These classes are very exciting. Children 2 years old experience a lot of positive emotions. Educational games can be like this:

1. "Find a match." The adult shows the little one a picture, then hides it and asks the little one to find the same one.
2. "What's in the picture?" Children are given a card depicting several objects or some kind of plot. Then the adult takes the picture and asks questions about what he saw.
3. “What disappeared?” The mother lays out toys or game cards on the table, then removes one thing and asks the child to say what has disappeared.
4. "My Adventures" In the evening or the next morning, an adult can ask the baby to tell what he did on the playground or in the park.

Games that develop thinking

These logical tasks help 2-year-old children compare the information provided to them, analyze it and establish basic patterns. The skills acquired through such educational games will later help children solve complex school problems and cope with everyday hardships. Such tasks teach students to reason and make their own conclusions. Here are some educational games for 2-year-old children that can be used:

1. "Puzzles"– they may initially consist of 2-4 elements;
2. Sorting items by characteristics– by size, color ratio, shape, type of material from which they are made;
3. "Who eats what"– for such a game, children 2 years old will need special educational cards;
4. Comparison of concepts- a lot - a little, high - low, soft - hard, and so on;
5. Puzzles– the baby must recognize an object or animal by description;
6. "Part and Whole"- the essence of such buildings is so that children can recognize who is in front of them by looking at a fragment (tail, paw, trunk or something else).

Games that develop attention

These tasks will require 2 years of perseverance from children. In addition, they will teach the little ones to concentrate on a specific object. Educational games for children to focus on may be the following:

• "hide and seek";
• “find an object by silhouette”;
• “find a pair”;
• “which piece broke off from the picture”;
• search for objects - according to 1 or 2 signs;
• “find the same pattern” and so on.

Games that develop speech

Such exciting activities are aimed at enriching the toddler’s vocabulary. Initially, adults may encounter the fact that the baby responds in “childish language.” Psychologists and speech therapists agree that all little ones who begin to understand educational games for 2-year-old children go through this stage. After a while, they begin to respond like adults.

Games that develop a child’s speech at 2 years old can be:

1. "Question answer". The adult asks the child in a simplified form what he sees in the picture.
2. Discussion of what you read- rhyme, fairy tale, story.
3. Learning to use epithets in speech. You need to help your child not just mention certain objects, telling what he sees in the picture, but describe them.
4. "Storyteller". A 2-year-old child, together with an adult, is trying to retell short stories.
5. Studying prepositions, adverbs and pronouns with your child.
6. Listening to songs and fairy tales.
7. Getting to know new subjects. It is important not just to name them, but to show what elements they are made of, what they are needed for, and so on.

Educational games for 2 year old children at home

For such exciting activities, purchased kits or improvised means can be used. Little ones really like these games. They can be aimed at developing various skills and abilities of children. Children 2 years old really like modeling. Such developmental activities for children may include the following exercises:

• rolling out;
• game with dough;
• working with a plastic knife;
• modeling figures from plasticine or dough.

In addition, educational activities for 2-year-old children at home can include drawing. First, the baby masters making simple lines: paths, straight and wavy. In the same period, children learn to choose the right colors: if they draw the sun - yellow, grass - green, sea - blue, and so on. In addition, during such classes the child masters working with a brush.

Also, educational games for children 2 years old stimulate fine and gross motor skills. These may include the following activities:

• fastening Velcro;
• pouring cereals;
• modeling;
• applications;
• whisking soap foam;
• collecting water with a sponge;
• creasing paper;
• game with clothespins;
• making patterns using pasta and cereals;
• transferring beads with tweezers.

Educational computer games for children 2 years old

Disputes continue between grandparents and parents over whether it is possible to sit in front of a monitor at that age. People of the old school believe that the best educational games for improving the skills of 2-year-old children are running around in the yard. They argue this point of view by saying that the computer’s vision deteriorates, the child’s posture deteriorates, and the child becomes nervous. However, if you approach such a developmental activity wisely, you won’t have to reap all these consequences.

The child should have time limits for being at the computer. In addition, parents should be responsible about what game to play for their child. There are developmental programs for children 2 years old. Their essence is that the baby needs to turn over the picture, complete the house, collect or find the one who is hiding. Such activities are very exciting.

Educational board games for children 2 years old

By this age, the child is already able to perceive elementary rules and can manipulate objects offered to him. However, home educational games for children 2 years old are somewhat different from those board cards that are intended for older children. There are 3 main differences:

1. Simplicity of the rules.
2. The game ends before the fidget can get bored.
3. All elements are made of natural durable material.

There are such educational aids:

• educational games for children 2 years old - coloring pages;
• cards for studying transport, seasons, professions, and so on;
• grocery store game;
• “edible-inedible” cards;
• manual “learning time” and others.

Educational outdoor games for children 2 years old

Two years is the beginning of the development of a child’s creative independence. Educational games for 2-year-old children are aimed at developing social, physical, intellectual and mental qualities and skills.

With matryoshka

By arranging the elements of the nesting doll according to height, the child learns to distinguish the shape and size of the object. The bright colors of the toy shape visual perception. By inserting a smaller nesting doll into a larger one, the child coordinates his actions, improving fine motor skills.

Color difference exercise

A child will easily learn to distinguish colors if, during any game, they say out loud the color of an object.

If the educational game is aimed at a specific theme of the color palette, then the child is asked the question: “What color is this?” In case of an error, the adult must name the correct option, but you should not scold the child, because he is just learning!

By the age of 3, children are able to remember basic colors. The following exercises are used to develop the skill:

Exercises with beads of different sizes, shapes and colors

A variety of beads and fishing line are used for the game. In the first lessons, it is enough to string beads of the same color together with your child. Then the tasks are complicated and work with diameter and shape. The speed of complication depends on the individual characteristics of the child and the imagination of the parents.

Instead of beads, you can use pasta of various shapes. After showing the child an example of stringing pasta, they are allowed to try making the product themselves. This game not only teaches the baby to distinguish shapes and sizes, but also develops fine motor skills.

Beads made by yourself can be used in further games with dolls or decorated as an element of a decorative panel.

Ball games

Playing with a ball will delight children of any gender. The benefits of such activities are enormous: physical activity is combined with the development of dexterity, attention and accuracy. A ball of small diameter is enough.

First, the child is shown how to throw and catch the ball, then they roll it on the floor or on the ground. At the next stage, they play by throwing an object to each other. A storm of emotions is caused by games in which a child can push a ball with his foot.

It is ideal to conduct such activities outdoors. A simple and useful game will bring a lot of fun and necessary skills.

Pronunciation of sounds

Children will enjoy games with the pronunciation of simple vowels. For example, when reading fairy tales, they voice the characters’ cries and repeat “a-a-a.”

A visit to the zoo will allow you to pronounce the sounds that a specific animal makes. The use of toys will allow you to achieve a similar result at home, for example, playing with a horse is accompanied by the sound “e-e-e”, and with an airplane with the sound “oo-o-o”.

The pronunciation of consonant sounds has one nuance - they are divided into soft and hard. In kindergarten, several exercises are adopted that take this feature into account. You can do them at home too.

For example, make several sketches for the child with objects starting with the sound “M” in soft and hard sounds: a car, a fly, milk and a mill, a ball, honey.

In which hand

For this game you will need a simple object that can be held in your closed palm, such as a small toy. The child is given the task to guess in which hand the toy is hidden.

Gradually, he will learn to guess the toy by the volume of his hand, where the larger hand is hidden. An educational game will help develop a child's observation and imagination.

Jumping

This game is best played outside. Physical activity combined with fresh air will be much more beneficial.

For children from 1 to 2 years old, jumping on a flat surface is appropriate. In this case, it is worth taking an obstacle as a basis, for example, jumping over a small pebble. Then the task is complicated by jumping from a small height or jumping rope.

• « Frog" The child is offered the role of a frog, which must catch a mosquito using clapping. Soap bubbles can act as mosquitoes.

• « Two frogs". An adult and a child hold hands and jump up together, saying:

Look, two laughing frogs are jumping on the edge of the forest. Jump-yes-jump! Jump-yes-jump! Jump from heel to toe.

• « Frog in the swamp"A round carpet is placed in the middle of the room - it will be a swamp. The carpet can be replaced with a rope folded in the shape of a circle. The child plays the role of a frog, jumping along the circle on two legs. An adult accompanies the game with a rhyme:

Here is a frog on the path Jumping with its legs outstretched: It saw a mosquito and screamed “Kwa-kwa-kwa”!

Guess

The game "Guess" is used in a wide variety of variations. The development of sound perception is presented in situations where the child is asked to guess what an object sounds like, for example, a hammer knocks “knock-knock”.

By guessing the heroes of fairy tales, the child gains fantasy skills. Children love to listen to songs or lullabies performed by their mother. You can hum already familiar melodies, let the child guess the song and even sing along.

For attention and memory

A 2-year-old child is characterized by curiosity and a craving for everything new. The development of memory and attention at this age is at the initial stage; it is important not to overdo it. For children under 5 years old, ten minutes of exercise daily is sufficient.

Logic games are good for developing attention:

• « Find the item" Parents hide an object familiar to the child. The child’s searches are necessarily accompanied by hints from an adult.
• « How are the pictures different?" The child is offered two pictures that differ in several objects. Together we need to find the differences between one picture and another.

The development of auditory memory is carried out using simple techniques:

1. Parents hide a toy that makes some sounds. The child searches for it, relying only on his auditory abilities.
2. A game that will be interesting for your baby is one in which different objects are placed in a box to create something like a rattle. The child tries to understand what is inside by the sound it makes.

Games that use techniques of rearranging and disappearing objects develop memory and thinking processes. At 2 years old, it is enough to provide a child with two items.

For example, playing with soft toys that are given specific names. First they play with both toys, the adult calls them by certain names. Then they remove one toy and ask the child where the second one is, while pronouncing the name of the missing character.

Fine motor skills

Special attention is paid to the development of fine motor skills in two-year-old children. Up to 7 years of age, this area is of paramount importance.

• Repeat the movement. An adult will have to make several different movements, for example, sit down, raise his hands up, clap his hands. The child must repeat after him. The speed of movements can slow down and speed up. This game develops not only motor skills, but also attention.
• Piggy Stompers. The adult pats the child lightly, with soft movements, with his palms or fingers. They start from the top of the head, along the back of the head, forehead, cheeks, neck, shoulders, chest, arms, stomach, back, lower back, pelvis, buttocks, thighs, calves, legs and end with the feet. At the same time saying:

Three funny pigs
We put on our stompers together
And let's go for a walk quickly,
Jumping and stomping are more fun.

At the same time, the parts of the body that the hand touches are also named. After the child is interested in the game, he can independently “walk” through his body in this way.

• Gymnastics like animals. The child is offered to go for a walk in the forest with amazing animals who love to say hello in a special way:

1. The little sparrow stands with his legs slightly apart (they wave their arms up and down, speeding up their movements).
2. Then the little sparrow flew away (they wave their hands and rise on their toes).
3. Little Sparrow loves to swim in a puddle (they shake imaginary water from their hands and feet).

Then they meet the owl. A wise owl is shown with its head turning in different directions. The child must repeat. The snake is performed while sitting in the “Turkish” position.

To greet the snake, the neck is pulled forward and pulled back. You can show how a snake crawls away from the “lying on its stomach” position. They crawl on their bellies, indicating to the child that the arms and legs are working at the same time.

Educational games for a two-year-old child will allow mental processes to develop harmoniously. In addition, the ability to independently assess the situation and make decisions, even with the help of adults at the first stage, will form a solid foundation for the moral principles of the individual.

Through play, a child learns many skills and abilities, so it is important to maintain interest in such activities.

Video: Lesson examples

Video: Games for child development

A two-year-old child can already cope with many tasks independently. He is keenly interested in toys, easily gets involved in educational games and quickly absorbs information. How can you develop a child of this age and what activities should you use for this?

There are many games you can play with a 2 year old!

Features of age

• The child’s coordination of movements noticeably improves, so the baby becomes able to play with construction sets, sorters, mosaics, puzzles and similar toys.
• The baby's logical thinking develops very quickly. The child is able to find solutions to various problems, find out how an object works or how it is structured.
• At the same time, the sense of space also develops. The child tries to direct the ball with a kick and throw it into the hoop. Overall coordination during movement becomes better - the child is able to control the direction in which he moves, stops, as well as the speed of movement.
• The independence and independence of a 2-year-old child also increases. Now the baby will try to learn new things without your help.

Most children go through a “no” crisis at 2 years old.

What should a child be able to do?

Most children at the age of two already know how to:

• Run and climb stairs.
• Close and open the door.
• Step over obstacles.
• Build towers and houses from cubes and construction sets.
• Assemble a pyramid of rings of different sizes.
• Catch the ball with both hands.
• Play multiple actions in a story game.
• Eat with a spoon and drink from a cup.
• Help mom around the house.
• Understand short stories about familiar events.
• Answer simple questions.
• Show parts of the body and face.
• Pronounce about 100-300 words.
• Link 3-4 words into a sentence.
• Name the objects in the picture.
• Say goodbye and hello.
• Finish words in familiar rhymes and songs.
• Imitate animal sounds.
• Draw doodles on paper.
• Distinguish between 3-4 colors.

Work hard with your child on “weak” areas.

Height and weight

Compared to the indicators of 1.5 years, by the age of two, children gain about 1300 grams and grow by about 5-6 cm. For girls, all indicators will usually be slightly less than for boys. To find out whether the baby is physically developing normally, we offer you a table with the average values ​​of the main indicators, as well as the normal limits for children of different sexes:

Should you worry about deviations from the given physical standards, see Dr. Komarovsky’s program.

By the age of two, many children have completed teething. On average, babies of this age have 16-20 baby teeth.

Calculate your vaccination schedule

Types of child development

Physical

This type of development helps the child become more resilient and dexterous. A two-year-old baby needs daily physical activity.

Activities for the physical development of 2-year-old children are as follows:

• We alternate fast running with slow running.
• We run on our toes.
• We teach a child to jump on two legs in place.
• Ball games - throw them against the wall, catch them, throw them to mom.
• To maintain balance, we walk on a bench or board on the floor.
• We copy the movements of animals after mom showed us - we jump like a hare, walk like a bear, crawl like a caterpillar, stomp loudly like an elephant, wave our arms like a bird.
• We roll on the floor.
• We jump like a frog from a half-crouched position.
• We reach up to the hanging objects.
• We run around the room, avoiding obstacles (for example, pillows laid out on the floor).
• We carry light, large items.
• We walk on an uneven surface.
• Walking along a drawn line - straight and winding.
• We crawl under the stretched rope.
• Together with other children we run around like a train, play catch, and have a round dance.
• We hang on rings or a horizontal bar.
• We master climbing on a sports wall.
• We jump over the “bumps” - pillows laid out on the floor.
• We climb through the tunnel.
• We jump on a fitball.
• We play snail - we crawl with a pillow on our back.
• We walk on our hands.

Two-year-old children love to play active games

Cognitive

This type of child development includes the study of the surrounding world, the properties of objects, the development of logical thinking, attention, memory, and the study of elements of mathematics. Activities for the cognitive development of a two-year-old child can be as follows:

• Study of geometric shapes.
• Studying the colors of objects.
• Find the named object indoors, on the street or in the picture.
• Find a pair by choosing from similar items.
• Find the same patterns on hats, mittens, saucers and similar images.
• Studying the concepts of “little” and “many”.
• Determining the difference in the number of objects - the child learns to distinguish between 1 and 2.
• Sorting items by color and size.
• Orientation in space with the study of the concepts of “right”, “below”, “left”, “above”.
• Folding puzzles and cut-out pictures that have 2-4 pieces.
• Comparison of pictures, as well as objects in the games “where is whose mother”, “where is whose house”, “who eats what” and the like.
• Guessing simple riddles - who eats grass and says “moo”, who is white and likes carrots.
• Stacking nesting dolls and glasses into each other.
• Build a tower from different sized glasses or cubes (sorted by size).
• Comparison of geometric figures with projections in the figure.
• Classification of cards with objects based on common characteristics, for example, products, animals, toys.
• Find the whole from the part, for example, match the roof of a house or the tail of an animal.
• Find a figure, taking into account 2 signs - among all the circles, find a small red one, among all the squares, find a large green one.
• Studying the concepts of “low” and “high”, “narrow” and “wide”, “short” and “long”.
• Find a shadow for the object.
• Find the missing part of the picture.
• The game “what’s missing” (hide one of the toys or pictures) or “what’s appeared” (add a picture or toy).
• Hide and seek games.
• We remember together what we did in the morning, yesterday, on a walk.
• Remember the plot of the picture.
• Playing "thimble" with small toys.
• We study wild and domestic animals. We show the child their cubs, tell simple facts about their life, name their body parts (hooves, horns, trunk).
• We study birds and insects.
• Introduce the concept of day and night, as well as the division of the day into morning, lunch and evening.
• Studying natural phenomena, for example, looking at rainbows, snow or rain.
• Get to know 3-4 flowers that grow in your area.
• Study of commonly found vegetables and berries, as well as fruits and mushrooms.
• Getting to know the seasons.
• Conversations on the topic of transport, professions, clinics, parts of the human body, shop, family, aquarium, sea, trains, materials, cities, electrical appliances and others.
• If your child is about to start going to kindergarten soon, it is important to pay attention to discussing the topic of kindergarten.
• During a walk you can study traffic rules, vegetation, transport, sky and sun, natural materials (stones, leaves, branches), houses.
• Also, during walks, you can play with snow, puddles, sunbeams, shadows and sand.

First of all, games should be fun for both the baby and the parents.

Touch

Musical

This type of development is aimed at the child’s hearing, musical perception, and recognition of musical instruments. It also includes dancing and singing.

To develop your child musically, the following games and activities are suitable:

• Listening to children's songs.
• Listening to classical music.
• We distinguish different music - slow from fast, sad from cheerful, quiet from loud.
• We listen to a variety of sounds while walking - the noise of cars, birdsong, rustling leaves and others.
• We determine the source of sounds, for example, we look for a bird in a tree.
• We play various children's musical instruments.
• We listen to the sounds of different instruments.
• Listening to mom's singing.
• Mom and I dance slowly and quickly, clap and stamp our feet, make “lanterns” with our hands, put our feet on the heel, and then on the toe, and do a round dance.

Carry out the lesson shown by M. L. Lazarev (an expert in musical development) with a 2-year-old child.

Speech

The development of a child’s speech is aimed at increasing the baby’s vocabulary and stimulating the repetition of words after an adult. It is also important to perform exercises for articulation.

Activities for speech development with a 2-year-old child can be as follows:

• Replenishing the baby’s passive vocabulary by constantly communicating with the baby and talking about everything that happens in his life.
• Reading books (fairy tales, poems), as well as discussing what they read.
• Ask your child questions about the image in the picture or what is happening around the child.
• Play out simple fairy tales with your baby.
• Listen and sing songs.
• Describe the objects that the baby sees using adjectives.
• The use of prepositions in speech (behind, before, about, in), pronouns (here, there), adverbs (close, low, far, right, high, left and others).
• We learn to blow on a candle, leaves, cotton wool, and also play with soap bubbles. You can blow either smoothly or sharply.
• We make faces at the mirror, sticking out our tongue, chattering our teeth, opening our mouth wide.
• Learning to speak in a whisper and loudly.

Blowing out candles and blowing soap bubbles is a fun exercise for baby's speech development

Carry out articulation classes with your baby, which will help the baby speak sounds more clearly. One example is the “Cup and Saucer” exercise, which Tatyana Lazareva shows in the following video.

Fine motor skills

Its development is important for the development of speech, since in the human brain the area responsible for hand movements is located in close proximity to the speech area. Thanks to such close proximity, activities during which the child’s fingers are used have a positive effect on the baby’s speech development. Here are fine motor activities suitable for a 2 year old:

• Finger gymnastics.
• We do drawing, creating appliqués and sculpting.
• Games with insert frames, construction sets, mosaics, lacing, sorters, pyramids.
• Pour the cereal from one container to another using a spoon, funnel, hands, or children's dishes.
• We pour water from one container to another using children's dishes, a watering can, a jug, and a funnel.
• Games with stickers.
• Fastening and unfastening Velcro on toys, clothing and shoes.
• Unfastening zippers, buttons, buttons.
• We catch small floating objects in the water (in a basin, bowl, glass) with a sieve or spoon.
• We collect water with a pipette or an enema and pour it into another container.
• Collect water with a sponge.
• We crumple and tear the paper.
• We create patterns using small pebbles, large beans, pasta, and sticks.
• Games with clothespins.
• We select lids for jars and bottles. We twist and unscrew them.

Using available materials you can come up with many activities for the development of the baby.

Games with cereals contribute to the development of motor skills. Be sure to organize such classes. Garbage after games can be easily removed with a vacuum cleaner.

Creative

This type of development stimulates the baby's creativity and may include drawing, designing, sculpting, creating appliqués and similar activities.

Creative activities with a 2-year-old toddler can be like this:

• We draw circles, lines (they can be long, short, horizontal, vertical), paths.
• We add strings to the balls, flower stems, hedgehog needles, grass, rain and other simple elements.
• We draw patterns on a towel or rug.
• Choose a color for the drawing.
• Draw with a stick on snow, semolina or sand.
• We leave paint imprints on the paper using a sponge and stamps.
• We learn to paint with paints using a brush.
• We draw with our fingers.
• We try to roll out plasticine or dough, making sausages and balls.
• We break off a piece of plasticine or dough to flatten these lumps in our fingers or palms.
• We connect the rolled out sausage at the ends.
• We mold lumps of plasticine onto cardboard, for example, to make decorations on a Christmas tree or grains for a chicken.
• We learn to smear plasticine on paper.
• We leave prints on plasticine or dough using different objects.
• We cut the dough with a plastic knife and cut it out with cookie cutters.
• We make appliques from torn or crumpled paper, as well as from cotton wool.
• We apply an applique of an object consisting of two or three parts, for example, a mushroom or a house.
• We make plot applications from two or three objects, for example, a house, a cloud and the sun.
• We use Dienesh blocks, Legos, and Cuisenaire sticks in games. We build a house, a bridge, a fence, a mountain from them.

Creative development of the baby is fun!

Diversify your day with an activity using the “Little Leonardo” method, which is shown in the video with O. N. Teplyakova, an expert on intellectual development.

Social

Communication with peers is important for a two-year-old child. The baby reaches out to other children and copies their actions. In the social development of a child, great importance is also paid to the acquisition of everyday skills. Activities for the social development of a 2-year-old child will be as follows:

• We draw the toddler’s attention to other children, trying to awaken sympathy for them.
• Meeting other children during walks, inviting them to play together. Since at this age children do not yet know how to interact in a game, it is very important for an adult to participate in a joint game. It is especially important to teach your baby to play with other kids if the child soon starts attending kindergarten.
• We teach the child to exchange toys.
• We explain when to feel sorry for other people, for example, if a boy fell.
• We teach the child to wash his hands using soap and towels.
• Together with the baby, we clear the table from the table after eating.
• Collect the spilled liquid with a sponge.
• We teach the baby to take off his clothes on his own, as well as put them on.
• Watering flowers with your child.
• Together we remove the toys, putting them back in place.

Teach your child to share toys and sympathize with children

At the age of two, a common problem is the child's reluctance to share toys. How to understand the baby and what to do in this case, watch Larisa Sviridova’s video.

If you see a child’s aggression towards other children, watch the video of Lara’s mother (Larisa Sviridova), where she clearly talks about how to act in this case.

Many parents worry that their child’s toys are often taken away from him, but he does not defend them. Should you worry about this, see the next video by Larisa Sviridova.

On the other hand, there are children who do not want to share their toys under any circumstances. In the next video by Larisa Sviridova you will see how to properly talk to a child and teach him to share.

An extremely relevant topic for many families is a child’s hysteria when they don’t get what they want. How to guide parents in this situation, see a fragment of Komarovsky’s program.

Sample exercise program for a week

Drawing up a weekly plan of developmental activities for the baby helps solve several problems at once:

1. Do not overload your child with activities in general.
2. Do not repeat the same activities.
3. Don't miss out on any type of development.
4. Don’t worry that the child is not developing well and you are missing something.

We offer an example of a weekly schedule for the development of a two-year-old child:

This is just an approximate development plan for a child aged 2-2.5 years. To draw up your own plan, it is important to take into account the toddler’s skills, his temperament, the child’s interests, and your goals.

The plan should include mandatory activities, for example, a visit to a massage therapist, visiting clubs, swimming in the pool. Identify the most important areas of your child's development and schedule activities on them 5-7 times a week. Be sure to leave room in the plan for improvisation or independent play by the baby. After 1-2 weeks, you will be able to analyze the implementation of the plan, after which some classes can be removed or replaced.

Remember that a child's concentration on a game at the age of 2 lasts only a few minutes, so the lesson should not be long.

Be sure to praise your child if he succeeds in something. This will be an incentive for the baby’s further success.

You cannot scold a child if he refuses to study, as well as in cases when something did not work out.

Try to make educational games interesting for your little one. They should bring joy to the baby, and not cause boredom.

Give your child the opportunity to complete the task independently, even if it takes a very long time. The baby will not be able to learn anything as long as you are more active in the game than the child himself.

Enjoy playing with your baby

Care and regimen

For the development of a two-year-old child, the health of the baby is of considerable importance, which is supported by the correct daily routine and care:

1. It is important to ensure that your child gets enough rest. Babies of this age sleep about 12-13 hours a day. Two-year-olds have one nap during the day, which lasts 2-2.5 hours.
2. The baby's morning should begin with washing and brushing his teeth, as well as combing his hair. It is also important to teach your child hygiene, reminding him that he should wash his hands after a walk and before eating.
3. After a day's sleep, hardening procedures are often carried out, for example, rubbing or dousing the feet.
4. Many children have already mastered the potty by their 2nd birthday and use it for its intended purpose. To ask to use the potty, the child says words or makes a sign. Some kids come up to the potty and take off their pants.
5. It is recommended to walk with a two-year-old child 1-2 times daily, since the baby really needs fresh air. The baby should be dressed according to the weather to prevent overheating, but also to prevent the child from freezing.