Celebrated on October 20, established by Decree of the President of Russia dated May 31, 2006. Previously celebrated as Communications Day of the Armed Forces of Russia.

Signal Troops are special troops designed to deploy a communications system and provide control over formations, formations and subunits of the Ground Forces in peacetime and wartime. They are also entrusted with the tasks of operating automation systems and means at control points.

Signal troops include nodal and line formations and units, units and subunits of technical support for communications and automated control systems, communications security services, courier and postal communications, and others.

The first communications units appeared in Russia in the middle of the 19th century, after the invention of the electric telegraph. The first technical communications unit was the telegraph company, formed in September 1851 under the management of the St. Petersburg-Moscow Railway.

The telegraph communication units, created to serve the serf military telegraphs in Sveaborg (1864) and Kronstadt (1865), were the first in the fleet. The first military telegraph was used in the Crimean War of 1853-1956. Military telegraph communication units were used in the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1978. In 1884, they were introduced into the army corps, and in 1894, military telegraph companies were created instead.

Radio communication, first implemented in May 1895 by the Russian scientist Alexander Popov, soon found application in military affairs, and in May 1899 the first military radio unit, the Kronstadt Spark Military Telegraph, was formed. Since 1900, radio communication has been intensively introduced in the army. In 1902-1904, radio communication teams were created on large ships of the Russian fleet.

In the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, line communication units and radio communication units appeared in the army, wired telegraph, radiotelegraph and telephone were used. All other armies began to introduce radio communications later, using the experience of the Russian army.

By the beginning of the 1st World War of 1914-1918, the Russian army had 7 separate spark (radio telegraph) companies, 11 separate telegraph companies and 41 telegraph companies as part of sapper battalions. During the war, the number of individual telegraph companies increased by almost 2.5 times. Communication units began to be created in the new branches of the armed forces - aviation and air defense forces.

On October 20, 1919, an order of the Revolutionary Military Council was issued, which laid the foundation for the centralized management of military communications. The signal service was separated into a special service of headquarters, and the signal troops into independent special troops. Thus, the structure of modern signal troops was laid.

Military communications have come a long and difficult path of development from the simplest sound and visual means for transmitting signals and control commands directly on the battlefield to widely branched multi-channel automated systems capable of providing communication with both stationary and mobile objects of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation on land, on water, underwater and in the air.

Mass heroism, examples of courage and selflessness were shown by military signalmen on the battlefields. During the Great Patriotic War, about 600 communications units were awarded orders for military merit, many became guards, received honorary titles, 303 military signalmen were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 106 became full holders of the Order of Glory, tens of thousands were awarded military orders and medals.

Military signalmen performed their duty in armed conflicts, counter-terrorism, special and peacekeeping operations.

Modern communications troops are equipped with mobile, high-reliability radio relay, tropospheric, space stations, high-frequency telephony equipment, voice-frequency telegraphy, television and photographic equipment, switching equipment and special equipment for classifying messages.

The high level of information support for combat operations of troops (forces) is becoming a determining factor in achieving strategic and operational-tactical superiority over the enemy.

(Additional

Today, in the Armed Forces of the country, those people are celebrating their professional holiday, without whose successful activity it is truly impossible to carry out a single modern operation, whether it is a training operation or the most combat one. We are talking about military communications. It is they who ensure the uninterrupted exchange of information both between individual units and between entire military formations - exchange at various levels, at any time of the day, in any weather, including political weather.

Officially, the modern service of military signalmen has been counting down since October 20, 1919, when the communications department appears as part of the Field Headquarters of the Red Army in the midst of the Civil War in Soviet Russia. It was formed by order of the Revolutionary Military Council No. 1736/362. We are talking about the so-called USKA, which stands for "Communications Directorate of the Red Army."

The tasks of the USKA included the management of all means of communication available at that time in the troops. Since 1920, representatives of the USCA have received the right to inspect units using these and newly available funds. These are telephone and telegraph equipment, cables and related electrical fittings. USCA in its original form did not last long.

By order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR No. 446/96 dated March 28, 1924, USKA, as they would say now, was “optimized”. It was connected to the GVIU (Main Military Engineering Directorate) with the transformation into the Military Technical Directorate (VTU) of the Red Army, subordinate to the head of supplies of the Red Army.

A little over seven years later, a new reorganization. The 33rd order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR of May 17, 1931 divides the VTU into two departments - the Communications Department of the Red Army and the Military Engineering Department. And in 1934, in accordance with the regulation on the People's Commissariat of Defense of the USSR, the USKA, as the central body of the people's commissariat, was entrusted with providing means of communication for all units and formations of the Red Army. Three more years - and a new reorganization: by order of NPO No. 0114 of July 26, 1937, it was merged with the Technical Directorate of the Red Army into the Communications Directorate of the Red Army. That is, the name is the same, but there are significantly more functions and rights.

This, by the way, is related to the fact that reforming “in both directions” (with the creation of one of the two, and then the division of one into two) is being carried out, as the history of the USSR Armed Forces and the RF Armed Forces, is quite active far not only in our time. Each time cycle dictates its tasks. And the extent to which mergers and divisions become effective in the end is a topic for a separate discussion.

A significant contribution to the development of the signal troops was made by the Soviet military leader, a native of the city of Gorlovka, Ivan Peresypkin. On his shoulders lay the most difficult task of providing communications for the country, the front and the rear, during the Great Patriotic War. It was Ivan Peresypkin who was the People's Commissar for Communications of the USSR from May 1939 to July 1944.

In 1941, Ivan Terentyevich became at the same time the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense of the Soviet Union. It was under him that the country, in the most difficult period for itself, coordinated actions in different areas of front-line and long-range evacuation management, during battles at the front line, in rear units and formations, in government structures and in other areas using the means of communication available at that time.

Ivan Peresypkin personally went to the front 21 times to ensure the reliable operation of military communications structures. The Moscow battle, the Kursk salient, the liberation of Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltic states. In February 1944, Ivan Terentyevich became the first military man in the history of the country - the owner of the rank of Marshal of the USSR Signal Corps. At that time he was not even 40.

An invaluable contribution to the Great Victory was made, of course, not only by the generals of the Signal Corps. A total of 304 military signalmen became Heroes of the Soviet Union during the bloodiest war in the history of mankind. 133 military signalmen are full holders of the Order of Glory, up to 600 communication units received military orders as a reward for their huge contribution to the defeat of the Nazi armies, and the 58th formations became guards.

Speaking on the Day of the military signalman about the people who forged the victory, one cannot but say about the equipment that they used to provide communications on the front line and in the rear. One of the most popular radio stations during the Great Patriotic War was the RBM (modernized battalion radio station). This is an improved version of the radio station RB (3-R). Radio stations with the factory code "Levka" were produced from 1942 to the beginning of the 50s. The start of production was laid at the plant No. 590 - "Electrosignal", evacuated to Novosibirsk from Voronezh. The radio stations of the Republic of Belarus and the RBM are the brainchild of Soviet radio engineers K.V. Zakhvatoshin, I.S. Mitsner, I.A. Belyaev, A.V. Savodnik, A.F. Oblomov and E.N. Genisht. All of them were awarded the Stalin Prize for their invention.

From the RBM kit: a transceiver, a power pack, a handset, headphones, a telegraph key, a collapsible small whip antenna, a horizontal dipole antenna, a collapsible vertical antenna mast 7 m high with a counterweight.

The radio station operated in two frequency bands: from 1.5 to 2.75 MHz and from 2.75 to 5 MHz.

The RBM can be called the "grandmother" of modern technical means of military communications.

In modern conditions, when new forms of warfare based on the use of a network-centric method of command and control are constantly being introduced, the role and importance of signal troops is increasing significantly. This imposes special requirements both on the technology itself and on the training of specialists.

From release:
The main focus of efforts to create a promising communication system of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is the execution of tasks for its transfer from technologies for building primary and secondary communication networks to technologies for building a single transport (stationary and field) communication network, access networks and object communication networks of command posts of the Armed Forces.
The Main Communications Directorate of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, together with other interested military command and control bodies, is working to create a unified automated digital communications network for the Armed Forces. It will ensure the fulfillment of the requirements of the command and control system of the RF Armed Forces in terms of timely and reliable communication of combat command and control orders from command posts of all levels to weapons of fire, providing officials of military command bodies with the necessary communication services of the required quality.

This year, the signal troops continued to receive the latest equipment, including command and staff vehicles
R-149AKSH-1 based on the KamAZ-4320. These KShM allow you to establish communication over closed Internet channels and carry out topographic reference through satellite systems. The development of signal troops continues as part of the modernization program of the Russian Armed Forces.

"Military Review" congratulates military signalmen on their professional holiday!

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Holidays and events in October

Today is October 20th. Holidays and events:

October 20 - Day of the Signal Corps of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (Day of the Military Signalman)
October 20 - Naval Sailors Day (birthday of the Navy)
October 20 - International Air Traffic Controller Day

On October 20, 1919, by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Soviet Republic, an independent central body was created to manage military communications and the positions of communications chiefs of fronts, divisions and brigades were introduced. The communications service has been separated into a special service of headquarters, and the communications troops into independent special troops. Thus, the structure of modern signal troops was laid. As a result, October 20, 1919 is considered to be the Day of the formation of signal troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.
Back in the middle of the 19th century, after the invention of the electric telegraph, communications units appeared in the Russian army. The first military telegraph was used in the Crimean War of 1853-1856. The world's first military radio unit, the Kronstadt Spark Military Telegraph, was formed in May 1899. And by the beginning of the First World War of 1914-1918. in the Russian army there were communications units in all infantry, cavalry and artillery units and formations.
Military communication began its journey with visual and simple audio signals. A modern communication system is a complex multifunctional organism, including numerous communication centers for various purposes, many thousands of kilometers of radio, radio relay, tropospheric, wired and other types of communication lines.

October 20 - Birthday of the Russian Navy (Day of Surface Sailors).

On October 20, 1696, the Boyar Duma, at the insistence of Peter I, decided to create a regular Russian navy. This day is considered to be the birthday of the Russian Navy.
During the reign of Peter I, military shipbuilding developed in Russia, ships were built in Voronezh and St. Petersburg, on Ladoga and in Arkhangelsk. The Azov and Baltic fleets were created, later - the Pacific and Northern.
In the second half of the XVIII - early XIX centuries. The Russian navy has taken the third place in the world in terms of the number of warships, and the tactics of combat operations at sea have been constantly improved. This allowed the Russian sailors to win a number of brilliant victories.
During the Great Patriotic War, our fleet withstood severe tests and reliably covered the flanks of the fronts, crushing the Nazis at sea, in the sky and on land. Submariners, naval pilots and soldiers of the Marine Corps have written new pages in the history of the Fatherland's maritime glory.
And today, Russian sailors continue and develop the glorious traditions of the Russian Navy, which already has a 300-year history.

On October 20, 1961, the International Federation of Air Traffic Controllers Associations was established in Amsterdam. This event was such a significant milestone in the history of the development of air transport that it became the basis for the emergence of a new professional holiday dedicated to its date - International Air Traffic Controller Day.
Air traffic controllers are responsible jobs. The specialists of the air traffic control service require not only perfect mastery of professional skills, but also special psychological preparation. Security in heaven is in the hands of these people on earth. Air traffic controllers have a huge responsibility and the highest demands are placed on their professionalism.
There is a rule among air traffic controllers - work must be done, regardless of any circumstances and conditions of work. This holiday has become an opportunity for dispatchers around the world to once again emphasize the importance of their profession, draw public attention to their work, announce their achievements and formulate plans and goals for the future.

The day of the military signalman is a military and professional holiday at the same time. It is dedicated to all workers and servicemen of the Signal Corps. The history of the holiday dates back to October 20, 1919 - the moment this type of troops appeared in the USSR.

On this day, by order of the Field Headquarters of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Soviet Republic, the first communications department was formed and approved. This service was transferred to the special service of headquarters, and its troops became independent special troops. The head of the service received the post of head of communications. The order laid the foundation for the formation of modern signal troops, approving their structure, main tasks and powers. Until now, military communications are considered an integral part of command and control of the Armed Forces, as well as its material and technical basis. After all, the efficiency of command and control of troops, first of all, the timeliness of the use of weapons and combat means, directly depends on its condition and level of functioning. This story of the emergence of the signalman's holiday tells about its military purpose.

There are, however, newer prerequisites for the emergence of this holiday date, which made it not only a military, but also a professional holiday. It was recognized as such in the Russian Federation in 2006 by presidential decree. Prior to the signing of this decree, the military holiday was called the "Day of the Signal Corps". After 2006, it became the "Day of the military signalman".

Today this holiday is both military and professional. It is celebrated by a wider category of the population than 90 years ago. It is celebrated annually by military personnel and civilians whose work is related to this area. However, priority was deservedly preserved by the respective troops.

The requirements for the level of combat readiness of the Armed Forces, which is ensured, among other things, by the signal troops, are constantly increasing. A significant role in the implementation of this task is assigned to the improvement of the aircraft control system. Data transmission systems, automated command and control systems have long been the technical basis of this command, which determines their strategic importance.

It is not easy to overestimate the importance of the daily work of representatives of this profession. Their job is to develop and use the latest equipment, as well as methods and methods of rapid data transmission. The means of ensuring the transmission of such data have evolved from the simplest forms of transmission of visual signals to the development of the latest communication technologies that allow the transmission of information of all levels of secrecy. This is the merit of the communicators.

Every year the Russian army celebrates Day of the military signalman- a professional holiday for all workers and servicemen of the signal troops, established by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 2006 N 549 in order to revive and develop domestic military traditions, increase the prestige of military service and in recognition of the merits of military specialists in solving the problems of ensuring the defense and security of the state. Previously, it was celebrated as Communications Day of the Russian Armed Forces.

October 20, 1919 - the day of the formation of the signal troops. On this day, by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Soviet Republic No. 1736/362, a communications department headed by the chief of communications was formed as part of the Field Headquarters. The communications service has been separated into a special service of headquarters, and the communications troops into independent special troops. Thus, the structure of modern signal troops was laid.

Military communications are an integral part of command and control of the Armed Forces, its material basis, and signal troops are special troops designed to establish communication systems between troops and forces in peacetime and wartime. The efficiency of command and control of troops, the timeliness of the use of combat means and weapons largely depend on the state and functioning of communications.

In its development, military communications have traveled a long and difficult path, inextricably linked with the history of the creation of the Armed Forces, changes in the forms and methods of their use, and the improvement of military art.

From the simplest sound and visual means of communication for transmitting signals and commands directly on the battlefield to widely branched multi-channel, modern automated systems capable of providing communication over an almost unlimited range with both stationary and moving objects located on land, on water, under water and in the air - such is the historical path of development and improvement of military communications.

A modern communication system is a complex multifunctional organism, including numerous communication centers for various purposes, many thousands of kilometers of radio, radio relay, tropospheric, wired and other types of communication lines, and, of course, these are the specialists thanks to whom this complex organism works - the military signalmen who celebrate their professional holiday today.

So that the connection is always established,
To keep the channel clean -
Worries about it
Our military signalman.

Let your connection on the holiday
Everything will be without interference
And in life they are always waiting for you
Only joy and success.

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